Vertigo that is associated with any other signs of brainstem disease including: double vision, tingling, numbness, weakness, facial droop, or difficulty swallowing
Vertigo that is not associated with a change in position
Vertigo that does not go away on its own
Vertigo not caused by something known to provoke dizziness, such as medications, alcohol use, dehydration, or not having eaten recently (Rubin & Cheshire, 2011)